During the season of high-level multilateral meetings, there is a surge in discussions about Thailand’s extroverted diplomatic efforts. These efforts were set in motion by the Srettha Thavisin government and continued by the Paetongtarn Shinawatra administration, both of which were “democratically elected.” The goal is to undo the introverted legacy left by almost a decade of military-led rule. Some skeptical comments on my recent article for The Diplomat, titled “Thailand’s Foreign Policy Is Inherently Undervalued,” revolved around the nature of this proactive diplomacy.
The level of Thailand’s diplomatic proactivity in its current state needs evaluation, especially since there are no fixed criteria for assessing it. Compared to the military-led predecessor, there has been a noticeable increase in Thailand’s diplomatic outreach. However, the long-term impacts on the broader regional context remain uncertain. Proactivity can be substantive or merely a spectacle. The idea of Thailand becoming a proactive actor on the global stage might be more about self-perception than how it is perceived externally.
Srettha focused on advancing Thailand’s best interests by increasing investment opportunities and promoting Thai “soft power” to boost the economy. Thailand aimed to remain neutral and maintain friendly relations with all countries. Paetongtarn is following a similar playbook, with some adjustments due to her inexperience. She skipped the U.N. General Assembly in New York and opted to let Foreign Minister Maris Sangiampongsa take the stage.
In Paetongtarn’s foreign policy segment during her parliamentary address, she emphasized maintaining Thailand’s stance of not partaking in international disputes. This shift in language reflects Thailand’s growing recognition of escalating geopolitical tensions and protectionism. However, the limits of Thai diplomatic proactivity are exposed when considering potential conflicts arising in the future.
Thailand’s two most important bilateral relationships are with the U.S. and China. The question remains about how Thailand can protect its distinct interests if a conflict between the two giants occurs. Another urgent issue affecting Thai security is Myanmar, where there have been improvements in response, but continuity is lacking.
As Thailand moves forward under the Paetongtarn administration, efforts are being made to reinstate proactive policies, particularly regarding Myanmar. However, it is still unclear if Thailand has fully embraced the mantle of a proactive international player.