Australia, as a country situated between the Indian and Pacific Oceans, has embraced the Indo-Pacific concept enthusiastically. With the largest Indian Ocean coastline, Australia views itself as a significant player in both oceans. While the Southern Ocean is not as geopolitically influential, Australia mainly focuses on the Pacific and Indian oceans.
In recent defense strategy documents, Australia has expanded its definition of its “immediate region” to include the northeast Indian Ocean, in addition to its traditional neighbors in the Pacific Islands and Southeast Asia. This extension showcases Canberra’s ambition as a regional player.
Despite having interests in the Middle East oil flows, Australia’s Indo-Pacific concept mainly revolves around the region south of India’s west coast. This limitation is understandable given Australia’s Pacific-centric population distribution.
Australia faces challenges in projecting power off its northwest coast due to its sparse population and underdevelopment in that region. The lack of shared economic and security interests with the northeast Indian Ocean hampers Australia’s strategic influence.
While Australia aspires to be a key player in the Indian Ocean, it faces constraints in developing its naval capabilities. The AUKUS nuclear-powered submarine fleet is expected to enhance Australia’s naval reach and influence in the region.
Australia’s foreign policy dilemma lies in its relationship with Indonesia, with ties not progressing significantly. As a result, Australia has turned its focus towards India, viewing the relationship as central to its Indian Ocean strategy.
Australia recognizes India as a top-tier security partner and aims to support India’s role in the region. The growing Indian diaspora in Australia may play a crucial role in shaping Australia’s strategic vision in the northeast Indian Ocean.
Through cooperation with India and the Indian diaspora, Australia hopes to enhance its influence in the northeast Indian Ocean within its immediate region.